In a few hundred meters of coal mines, once the accident, more people are looking forward to a miracle. Nowadays, a safe hedging system relying on the refuge chamber is being piloted in domestic coal mines. It will win more precious time for the rescue of miners after the accident.
Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine, located in Jining City, Shandong Province, is the first large-scale modern mine designed and constructed by China during the “Sixth Five-Year Plan†period. The degree of mechanization of mining is 100%, and the coal production capacity is 6.6 million tons/year. In order to better implement the life rescue of miners in emergency situations, in March this year, Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine completed four temporary shelters and was equipped with a permanent refuge chamber.
Take a cage from the sub-downhole to the downhole and you can reach a permanent refuge chamber 245 meters deep from the wellhead. In fact, the diverticulum can be seen everywhere in the coal mine roadway, it is a small space dug in the rock mass on both sides of the roadway. As a permanent refuge chamber, not only the space is more spacious, but also various emergency life-saving facilities inside.
The diverticulum opening is clearly marked, and the first protective door that can withstand the large shock wave is opened, and a transition chamber similar to the spacecraft decompression chamber is entered. Further inside is a living room that can be isolated from toxic and harmful gases, but must be removed after removing harmful gases from the transition chamber. Various sensors and surveillance cameras are installed on the walls of the interior of the room. The room is equipped with oxygen supply equipment, carbon dioxide adsorbent, compressed biscuits, mineral water, medicines, light sticks, etc., and is equipped with a bathroom. There is an observation window.
According to Wang Xin, chairman of Yankuang Group, a permanent refuge chamber with an investment of about two or three million yuan can be used for emergency evacuation of 100 people for 96 hours. The temporary refuge chambers set up in each working face are only about 200,000 yuan, which can be used for emergency evacuation from 20 to 40 people. Of course, the space of these temporary shelters is relatively small, only about 20 square meters, but the facilities inside are also complete.
The staff said that the underground emergency hedging facilities, including the refuge chamber, transition station and lifeline, are the space for the life-saving of the distressed personnel who cannot evacuate in time when a disaster occurs in the underground. The reporter saw in the permanent refuge chamber, in order to achieve ground emergency rescue, there is also a drill hole directly to the ground, which can provide pressure, water supply, power supply, communication and liquid food for the refuge chamber. Moreover, all the refuge chambers along the auxiliary shaft are equipped with life ropes on the chest-high walls, and the trapped miners can escape the danger in a dark environment.
Through the positioning system provided by the miners, the ground dispatching command center can know the number and distribution of the underground personnel in real time, and can notify the evacuated personnel to evacuate through the sound and light alarm mode; when the underground personnel encounter dangerous situations, they can also actively call the ground for help. signal.
At present, about 95% of coal mines in China are wells and mines, and the mining conditions are complex. With the increase of mining depth, disasters such as coal mine gas, flooding and impact pressure are becoming more and more prominent.
The State Council issued a notice in July 2010 that coal mines and non-coal mines should complete technical equipment such as installation monitoring and monitoring system, underground personnel positioning system, emergency risk avoidance system, pressure self-rescue system, water supply rescue system and communication contact system within three years. The safe hedging system based on the refuge chamber has improved the ability of coal mine disaster prevention and control and emergency rescue, which can reduce the risk of accidents and ensure the safety of employees.
According to the person in charge of the Shandong Provincial Coal Industry Bureau, there are currently 10 demonstration mines in Shandong Province planning to build such an emergency hedging system, and the overall progress is in the forefront of the country.
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Pulverizers are machines that pulverize large solid materials to the required size.
According to the size of the crushed material or the crushed material, the mill can be divided into coarse crusher, medium crusher, fine mill and superfine mill. There are four kinds of external forces applied to the solid in the grinding process: pressing, cutting, impact and grinding. Press rolling is mainly used in coarse and medium crushing, suitable for the crushing of hard materials and bulk materials. Shearing is mainly used in fine crushing, suitable for the crushing of ductile materials. Impact is mainly used in medium crushing, fine grinding, ultrafine grinding, suitable for crushing brittle materials. Grinding mainly in fine grinding, ultrafine grinding, suitable for small pieces and fine particles.
The crusher makes use of the high speed relative motion of the movable tooth plate and the fixed tooth plate, so that the crushed object can be crushed by the comprehensive action of tooth impact, friction and the impact between the materials. The crusher is suitable for crushing Chinese herbs, precious medicinal materials, ores and chemical raw materials in small batches in various varieties, alloys, metallurgy, geology, scientific research and other units.
The pulverizer machine has the advantages of simple structure, solid, stable operation and good crushing effect. The pulverized material can be discharged directly from the grinding chamber of the main machine. The particle size can be obtained by replacing the mesh screen with different aperture. The powder collecting chamber adopts the completely closed silencer structure, which can effectively reduce the working noise. In addition the machine is all stainless steel. The inner wall of the casing is machined to achieve smooth surface, which changes the phenomenon of rough inner wall and powder accumulation of the previous models, so that the production of drugs, food, chemical industry and so on is more in line with national standards and meet the requirements of GMP.
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