[Chemical composition] A small amount of Fe 2+ and Ga 3+ are often substituted for Al3+. [crystal structure] monoclinic system, [Form] The single crystal is in the form of a pseudo-square plate. Usually it is a tuberculosis, a bean-like aggregate or a cryptocrystalline aggregate. [Origin] and occurrence mainly feldspar aluminosilicate formed by weathering. Part of the gibbsite is the cause of low temperature hydrothermal fluid. In the regional metamorphism, gibbsite becomes dehydrated by dehydration; in the deeper regional metamorphism, it can be changed into corundum ; if SiO 2 is present, it becomes aluminosilicate-containing mineral. . [Main use] is the main ore mineral of aluminum. It can also be used to make refractory materials and high alumina cement raw materials.
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 ; a 0 =0.864 nm, b 0 =0.507 nm, c 0 =0.972 nm, β=94°34′; Z=8. It has a brucite structure, but Al 3+ is only filled in a 2/3 octahedral void between each two adjacent OH - hydroxy ions to form a structural layer of coordination octahedron.
[Physical properties] white, often with gray, green and brown; glass luster, cleavage surface is pearl luster, aggregates and cryptocrystals are dim. The cleavage parallel {001} is extremely complete. Hardness 2.5 to 3.5. The relative density is 2.30 to 2.43.
Gibbsite
Al(OH) 3