I. General procedures for the development and exploitation of open pit mines After the open-pit deposits are determined by exploration, they must be evaluated by feasibility study. The first step of the mine work is to carry out the basic construction of open pit mines, including the construction of mineral processing facilities; to prepare the ground surface of the mining area before the construction, to drain the deposits and prevent water and drainage; the infrastructure includes development and stripping; People produce. The main process of open pit mining is crushing (perforation, blasting) "one loading and one transporting one row of soil; auxiliary processes are still: mechanical equipment maintenance, power supply, water drainage, secondary crushing and line transfer, etc. The land surface governance must also be restored and utilized. Second, several major steps in open pit mining 1. Ground surface preparation in the mining area must first remove various obstacles within the mining area and the location of the ground facilities, such as cutting trees, diverting rivers, draining lakes, demolishing houses, and rerouting roads. 2. Drainage and drainage When mining large deposits of groundwater, in order to ensure normal production, groundwater within the mining area must be pre-excluded for dewatering work, and interception methods such as construction of retaining dams and intercepting ditch to isolate surface water are required. Flowing people. The dewatering and drainage of the deposit is not completed in one go, but continues during the entire mining period of the open pit. 3. Mine infrastructure work It refers to all the projects necessary to ensure the commencement of production before the open pit mine is put into production, including: power supply and distribution buildings (substation, power supply and distribution lines), industrial site construction (machine repair, electric repair, garage) , equipment library, etc.), crushing and screening site construction, dumping site construction, ground transportation system establishment, trenching engineering (drilling into the people's ditch and opening section ditch. Like the infrastructure demolition project, etc.. After the infrastructure work reaches a certain level The mine can be transferred to human production. 4. Open-pit mine production is the same as other companies' production. It is carried out according to a certain production sequence and production process. The three important processes in open pit production are trenching, stripping and mining, and are carried out in an order from top to bottom. The production process of each process is basically the same, including perforated blasting, mining, transportation and dumping work. 5. The restoration of the surface is to restore and restore the land occupied and destroyed by open pit mining, and to transform it for sustainable use in agriculture, that is, reclaiming land. Rehabilitation and land reclamation is an inseparable and important process in open pit mining. It can not only solve the problem of industrial land use, but more importantly, it can protect the environment and promote ecological balance. The above steps are carried out in the early stage of the open pit mine work, and are concurrently in parallel at the same time, but there should be a certain advanced relationship in space and time. Open-pit mining must follow the principle of “extraction and stripping, stripping first†to organize production. Violating this policy, the normal production of open pit mines will inevitably be destroyed, which will inevitably lead to the loss of mining and stripping, the lack of stripping, the backward trenching and the decline in production. This passive situation is not allowed by normal production. Pp Layer Pad,Pp Plastic Layer Pad For Bottle,Pp Plastic Bottle Layer Pad,Pp Corrugated Plastic Layer Pad Yixing Guanyu New Materials Co.,Ltd , https://www.maplasticsheetsupply.com
Chapter III Basic Concepts of Open-pit Mining - Section III Open-pit Mining Steps
Section III open pit mining steps